Essay Mother-Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s Joy Luck...

Mother-Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club In the Joy Luck Club, the author Amy Tan, focuses on mother-daughter relationships. She examines the lives of four women who emigrated from China, and the lives of four of their American-born daughters. The mothers: Suyuan Woo, An-Mei Hsu, Lindo Jong, and Ying-Ying St. Clair had all experienced some life-changing horror before coming to America, and this has forever tainted their perspective on how they want their children raised. The four daughters: Waverly, Lena, Rose, and Jing-Mei are all Americans. Even though they absorb some of the traditions of Chinese culture they are raised in America and American ideals and values. This inability to communicate and the clash†¦show more content†¦Jing-Mei can not speak Chinese, and Suyuan can only speak broken English, I talk to her in English, she answers back in Chinese (23) so Suyuan could never adequately explain why she pushed Jing-Mei so hard. From June’s, or Jing-Mei’s, perspective is an assumed unspoken commun ication that may never have existed. I had always assumed we had an unspoken understanding about these things; she really didnt mean I was a failure, and I really meant I would try to respect her opinions more (27). June felt that her mother saw her as a failure, and after seeing my mothers disappointed face once again, something inside of me began to die (144). I hated the tests, the raised hopes and failed expectations (144). June began to resent her mother for pushing her so hard in everything she did. She wanted to give up being a child prodigy. She wanted Suyuan to love her for who she was not what she had the potential to become. June never had the chance to heal that rift between her mother and herself for her mother died abruptly before they could ever make peace. The culture clash can best be examined by taking a look at Ying-Yings and Lenas relationship. Ying-Ying grew up rich in China, followed tradition and married the man her father chose for her. He left her, an d she aborted their child. This caused her so much damage she became a recluse for a while. I stayed in this country home for ten years. IfShow MoreRelated Improving Mother/Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club1216 Words   |  5 PagesImproving Mother/Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club One day everything is going great, in fact things could not be better and then you say something and your friend turns to you and says â€Å"oh my god, you sounded just like your mother†.   That is when you freak out and think to yourself it is true I am turning into my mother.   This is every daughters worst nightmare come true.   When a young girl is growing up her mother always says and does things that the girl vows she will neverRead More The Complexity of Mother and Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club1316 Words   |  6 PagesThe Complexity of Mother and Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club   Ã‚  Ã‚   Since the beginning of time the mother and daughter relationship has been complex.   The book The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan is a great example of the mother and daughter relationship.   In the book Amy Tan writes about four women who migrate to America from China.   All of the women were in search of a better life since the lives they had in China were not what they wanted for themselves.   Even though all of the womenRead More Power of the Mother and Daughter Relationship Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club1482 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Mother and Daughter Relationship Amy Tan’s Joy Luck Club In the novel, The Joy Luck Club, the author, Amy Tan, intricately weaves together the roles and experiences of Chinese mothers with their American born daughters. During a time of war, the mothers flee from China to America, leaving behind a past filled with secrets that unravel as their daughters mature. While sharing their difficulties, these mothers must be able to teach Chinese beliefs and customs to their daughters in a wayRead More The Significance of Mother-Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe Significance of Mother-Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club In her novel The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan tells of the lives of four Chinese immigrant mothers, their hopes, their dreams and the way each of their daughters feel about their mothers lives.   Mother-daughter relationships are the basis for the entire story.   Tan shows the hardships each mother experiences as a child and young adult, and how they all want better lives for their daughters.   She shows the struggles betweenRead More Mother Daughter Relationships - Daughter Pushed to the Brink in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club1181 Words   |  5 PagesA Daughter Pushed to the Brink in Joy Luck Club      Ã‚   In Amy Tans novel, Joy Luck Club, the mother of Jing-mei recognizes only two kinds of daughters: those that are obedient and those that follow their own mind. Perhaps the reader of this novel may recognize only two types of mothers: pushy mothers and patient mothers.   The two songs, Pleading Child and Perfectly Contented, which the daughter plays, reinforce the underlying tension in the novel. These songs represent the feelings thatRead More The Mother Daughter Relationship in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club448 Words   |  2 PagesThe Joy Luck Club is a representation of the persistent tensions and powerful bonds between mother and daughter in a Chinese American society.   The book illustrates the hardships both the mother and daughters go through in order to please the other.   Also, it shows the troubles the daughters face when growing up in two cultures.   This book reveals that most of the time mothers really do know best. In Rules of the Game we see a mother daughter conflict.   Waverlys mother is always showing herRead MoreThe Mother and Daughter Relationships in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club1806 Words   |  8 PagesMother and Daughter Struggle in The Joy Luck Club      Ã‚   The Joy Luck Club, by Amy Tan, illustrates what life is like for many foreigners in America who are trying to give their child the opportunities they most likely did not have themselves as children.   The story touches on a very common struggle in America, that between mother and daughter, in which the daughter never feels good enough for her mother.   Also present is the struggle Jing-Mei has with herself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jing-Meis motherRead More Mother Daughter Relationships - The Mother-daughter Relationship in Amy Tans Joy Luck Club971 Words   |  4 Pages Daughters and Mothers in The Joy Luck Club nbsp; Children, as they become adults, become more appreciative of their parents. In The Joy Luck Club, the attitudes of four daughters toward their mothers change as the girls mature and come to realize that their mothers arent so different after all. nbsp; As children, the daughters in this book are ashamed of their mothers and dont take them very seriously, dismissing them as quirky and odd. I could never tell my father . . . How couldRead More Mother Daughter Relationships - Family Relations in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club2528 Words   |  11 PagesFamily Relations in The Joy Luck Club      Ã‚  Ã‚   One passage, from the novel The Joy Luck Club, written by Amy Tan, reveals the complex relations and emotions that are involved in families. This passage concerns the story of four Chinese women and their daughters.   The author leads the reader through the experiences of the mothers as they left China and came to America.   The daughters have been raised in America, as Americans.   This is what the mothers had wanted although it also causes them greatRead More East-West Values and the Mother-daughter Relationship in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club1296 Words   |  6 Pagesand the Mother-daughter Relationship in The Joy Luck Club      Ã‚  Ã‚   The dominant theme of The Joy Luck Club is the clash between Chinese, American cultures, and how it affects the relationship between mothers and daughters. All of the mothers in the book were born and raised in China. All of their daughters were born and raised in the United States. Because of the differences in family traditions and values between the way the mothers had been raised in China and the way their daughters were growing

Police Brutality Of The United States Essay - 2135 Words

The United States is facing a continuous wide spread of police brutality from the past to today. TV Networks, newspapers/magazines, bloggers and forums are getting involved into the discussion about police brutality. After a father bought a toy gun for his son for his birthday, his son went outside to play and a police officer saw him with the gun not knowing it was a toy and shot him several times. This incident occurred in Sonoma County in October 2013. Something close to that happened in November 2014 where a Cleveland police officer killed a 12-year-old boy carrying a toy gun. On April 12, 2015 Freddie Gray was arrested by Baltimore City police and while being transported he allegedly fell in a coma, with injuries to his spinal cord. Use of excessive force by police is common in black communities. Officers aren’t trained effectively and they act out of fear. On uslegal.com Police brutality is described as a civil rights violation that happens when a police officer acts wit h excessive force by using an amount of force with regards to a civilian that is not necessary. Excessive force by law enforcement officers is a violation of a person s rights. Cases of brutality from people, who are supposed to protect against it, have existed even when the United States was a new country. The oppression by people in power, even the U.S. Constitution excludes â€Å"Illegal persons† as three fifths of a person, which includes slaves, immigrants, and Native Americans. Another example ofShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality And The United States Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality in the United States has escalated in recent times. To develop a peaceful environment amongst human beings, one of the main topics to look at is human rights. While more often than not, police brutality violates the concept of human rights it is still a very important task to discuss the topic and create possible solutions to such a concerning and threatening issues in the United States. In this case, statistics is a very important factor that is required to display how serious ofRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pag es Police Brutality in the United States University of Nebraska Kearney Colton Blankenship Abstract This research paper is an overview of police brutality in the United States. The paper covers what police brutality is and the definition. The information about police brutality is expanded about what is reasonable and excessive use of force an officer can use. Information is included about the thoughts of what the citizens feel about police brutality. Among the white andRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1286 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality continues to be one of the most serious and contentious violations of human rights in the United States. The unreasonable amount of force used by police officers prevails because of a lack of accountability. This makes it feasible for officers who do violate human rights to get off clean and recommit the violation. A sad fact is that police and/or public officials deny time after time any claims of human rights violations, claiming it was an abnormality, when they should be takingRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesAssault Being a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of someRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1415 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Brutality Police abuse is one of the most violated human rights in the United States. Police are portrayed as heroes that stop bank robbers, stop kidnappings and catch murders, but as of recent year’s police actions have come into the public eye. While typically citizens worry about their safety from criminals, it also seems they have to keep an eye out for the people who are supposed to protect them from danger. Thousands of complaints about police brutality is reported each year, and seemsRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1630 Words   |  7 Pages Police Brutality is an ongoing problem and existent concern in the United States and should be resolved immediately. Law enforcement must function as an element that consists of organized and civilized officers. The presence of police brutality is becoming more of an issue as society grows. The problem posed by the illegal exercise of police power is an ongoing reality for individuals of a disfavored race, class, or sexual orientation. Police brutality must be stopped so that police do not forgetRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States2239 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Police brutality against minorities across the United States has become a huge topic of interest. There are multiple events where interactions with minorities have had a horrible outcome. Police brutality is defined as the use of excessive force against a civilian and has caught the attention of many in the past few decades. This paper will argue that law enforcement officers disproportionally target minorities as criminal suspects. Racial profiling takes place due to law enforcementRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1608 Words   |  7 PagesPolice abuse remains as one of the most deliberate human rights violations in the United States. For over a decade police have acted in ways that makes us question their professionalism. Makes the wonder if law enforcement are taking advantage of their criminal justice â€Å"powers† October 22 is â€Å"National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, Repression and Criminalization of an Entire Generation†. (Aol News). On October 22 many people across the country wear black to fight back against police brutalityRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesBeing a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of some officersRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1376 Words   |  6 Pagesprominent at this time in social media and mainstream media is the presence of police brutality in the United States. Two instances in the news recently are the disputes that resulted in the deaths of Eric Garner and Michael Brown. On July 17, 2014, a plainclothes officer for the New York Police Department stopped Eric Garner on the street and attempted to take him into custody. After Garner resisted arrest, the police officer placed him in an apparent chokehold—a move that is banned by the NYPD

Strategic Management Journal Shareholders and Stakeholders

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management Journal for Shareholders and Stakeholders? Answer: Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006: Critically Discussed The Company Act, 2006, governs the Company Law in The United Kingdom. The Company law in The United Kingdom can be divided into two parts namely the Corporate Governance and the Corporate Finance. Corporate Governance codifies all the rules and regulation that decide the rights and liabilities of the Companys directors, employees, shareholders, etc. Since the Company Law in The United Kingdom entrusts a lot of power and responsibilities on the director or the board of directors of the Company, setting rules for directors accountability is very vital. [1] Corporate Finance sets two different methods to raise funds for a limited company. Equity Finance refers to the traditional method of collecting funds by the way of issuing shares and Debt Finance refers to obtaining loans using annual interest for repayment.[2] Before the Company Act, 2006, Company Act, 1985, governed the company law in The United Kingdom. This Act did not contain any provisions, which clearly defined the duties of a director in a Company. Few duties were mentioned to be important directors duties, which required compliance like filing an annual return, maintaining annual accounts, etc. However, a complete provision explicitly mentioning directors role in a company was missing. Therefore, a need was felt to codify the duties of the director under one provision, which would increase corporate governance in The United Kingdom, and at the same time be beneficial for the Company.[3] This lead to enactment of Section 172 of the new amended Company Law in The United Kingdom. This Section contained rules relating to duties of a director, which was needed to be followed in the routine dealings of the directors on behalf of the Company. However, one of the most controversial Section, which sets the responsibility for every activity within a Company on a Directors is the Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006. This section had attracted a lot of criticism on the Bill Stage for making Directors liability too high in case the Company undergoes any losses. Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 in The United Kingdom states the duty of the director of a Company to promote the success of the Company.[4] The said Section states that the Director needs to act in a particular way keeping the success of the company along with the interest of its member as a whole in mind having utmost good faith in his actions and regards with the following: Consequences of every business decision in a long run Interest of the employees of the company The importance of developing companys relation with its vendors, suppliers, etc. The effect of companys operation on environment and community The necessity for the company to maintain business conduct of high standard and reputation The need to be fair in dealing with the members of the company The Section also includes doing every other act not mentioned about which would bring about the success of the company along with its members.[5] This section further goes ahead to cover the interest of companys creditors under certain circumstances and subject to enactment of regulation requiring the directors to do so. The Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 empowers the Board of Directors of the Company with a lot of duties and responsibilities, which in return makes them more prone to liabilities arising out of infringement of such duties responsibilities. The scope of Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 is very comprehensive to include almost all the activities within a company to be carried under the supervision and control of the directors. This has made the role of directors in the Company very crucial and attracted much disapproval along with a lot of criticism. The section implies that the directors are required to act in good faith, promote the success of the Company by avoiding misjudgements, and avoid any negligence claim against them.[6] The section also implies that as long as the director of the Company have good faith and are conducting activities honestly in the management of the company with honest decisions about the same, the directors have the right to use their discretion in any judgements about the company. Thus, the first part of the section states the director to be honest in all dealings and then have the power to decide about any activity of the company. The main reason for making amendments to the duties of the directors role in a company was that the previous law relating to the duty of the directors did not provide guiding the interest of the members of the company while deciding the operations of the company.[7] The sub-section (2) of the said Section relates to protecting the non-commercial activities and objectives of the company and the third sub-section protects the rights the creditors of the Company. The primary duty of the director according to this Section is to safeguard the interest of the Company, which refers to shareholders of the company. However, once this section was codified what was important is to define the limits of the duties of the directors not to make the director liability for every small activity within the Company. For example, failure to follow a tax structure that would increase the funds of the shareholder make director liable under Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 on the grounds that the director failed to act for the interest of the company. [8] The main purpose behind this section is to ensure that the directors of the company manage and work towards the success of the company having a long-term goal. In a recent case, Item Software (U.K) Limited v Fassihi [2004] EWCA Civ 1244 the judgement stated that the primary reason for granting such wide powers on the directors, was to educate them by granting the directors certainty about what law demands from them and bring changes in the duties of the directors making them more accountable which would in return help the company to progress, treating it to be their ultimate goal. However, what the company law in The United Kingdom fails to do is provide safeguards to the Directors.[9] This section applies to the whole board of directors, which include non-active members in the board making them liable for the wrongful actions or misjudgements in the decisions of the company even when they have very little role in the management of the Company. The Company law did not give ant safeguards or exception that helps the director to perform his duties under this Section without any fear. However, the truth is that the interpretation of this section was judged only on its wordings ignoring its essence. In reality, it was not as strict on directors liability as it was feared to be. This section was also criticised for the fact that it influenced the outcome directors judgement because it required the director always to decide in support to promote the interest of the company and its members. Another hardship that the Section was considered to contained during its enfo rcement was that the necessity of the board to take every decision on behalf of the company after judging its effects on the shareholders, employees, environment, etc. will make the decision-making process very complicated and inefficient.[10] The most severe hardship that the directors would face is the numerous litigation against them by the environmental activists, shareholders, employees, etc. that the director has acted negligently in making decisions on behalf of the company not complying with Section 172 of the Companys Act, 2006. The outcome of this could be that the directors would try to keep away from all such litigation by discussing business risks and take this more seriously than the main business itself. The risk of attached liabilities that will be connected to the prestigious role of a director of a company will discourage potential directors from taking up the job of a director in a company. The above states the disadvantages or the fear, which the legal practition ers in The United Kingdom explained this Section would carry when, implemented.[11] However, the scope of this Section was misinterpreted by the wordings of the Section. The supporters of this Section stated that codification of the duties of the director with the powers given to the directors of the overall management of the company with the ultimate goal of success will make the directors work and be more dedicated in performing their duties. Every decision of the director under this Section will be well analysed and after consultation with the professional experts that will benefit the company. The issue of increased litigation also seems over-exaggerated. The Section explicitly states the principle of good faith in the directors decisions. Therefore, as long as the director is honest in his dealings on behalf of the company with reasonable care, diligence and expertise they are in good position to avoid any claim of negligence in their action, which would breach Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006. This section, therefore, will increase corporate governance in The United Kingdom, as directors will be complied to follow the guidelines in Section 172 to in carrying their general duties towards the company and avoid litigation. It would make the board of directors of the company more disciplined in their dealings instead making the board weak as discussed above. One of the most significant reforms that Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 brought in The United Kingdom was the enlightened shareholder value. The Company Law Review Steering Group (CLRSG) had introduced the concept of enlightened shareholder value in The United Kingdoms company law. The main reason for the CLRSG was to introduce a principle into the corporate governance of the country, which would make the dealings of a company more transparent and fair.[12] The enlightened shareholder value proposes that the shareholders interest shall prevail to be the most important in a company. The enlightened shareholder value is a principle or an approach, which states that maximizing the profits of the shareholders is the best method to of obtaining overall prosperity and success in a company.[13] The entire principle is based on the idea that long-term profit goal will be achieved only the shareholders interest is primary in a company along with the co-operation of other stakeholders li ke employees, creditors, etc. and the environment and the community together. Therefore, this approach makes it the duty of a director to promote the success of the company keeping in mind the shareholders interest to be primary not ignoring the interests of the other stakeholders in the company. Certain critics stated that giving importance to the benefits of stakeholders would not be of much significance because in a conflict of interest between the shareholders interest with that of a stakeholders, the interest of shareholder shall prevail. However in sub-section (1) of Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 the interest of stakeholders like employees, suppliers, customers along with the effect on environment and community of the companys business operation is included to be given regards by a director while making decisions on behalf of the company. This makes it clear that the law requires the director to simultaneously take care of the interest of the companys members and promot e the success of the company. In the case, Hutton v West Cork Railway Co (1883) 23 Ch D 654 a company based in The United Kingdom concerns the limit of directors decision in spending companys funds for privileges of the non-shareholder in the company. It was a judgement passed in the companys insolvency proceedings concerning the companys employees. [14] The judgement stated that the payments made to employees were invalid as the company was going through an insolvency proceeding therefore, following the rules enforced in Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 the court came to a conclusion that during the life of a company, the company can make payments for benefits of the stakeholders but only to an extend that in the end its of the shareholders interest.[15] This case law makes it evident that the shareholders interest under Section 172 of the Companys Act will be primary prevailing above the interest of any stakeholder in the company. This principle was a of enlightened shareholder value that increased the efficiency of the director in The United Kingdom by making the directors take long-term profit goals with the principle of shareholders interest in mind. This is an approach, which is most suitable for the modern corporate structure, as it believes in the success of the company along with its shareholders not ignoring the interest of the companys stakeholders.[16] The sub-section 172 of the Company law suggests that if the director is acting in good faith, he has an in exhaustive list of members whose interest the director can protest which ultimately promotes the success of the company. The director here can decide to protect whose interest that will further the success of the Company and according determine the interest of shareholder or stakeholder should be given consideration according to each situation. The benefit in the implication of this principle in The United Kingdom is that the Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 has made the list of stakeholders very broad to cover every member along with the environment and community under its blanket.[17] The board of director are given the ultimate power to make decisions regarding the company such as how to utilize the companys resources, and deciding on dispute resolution, etc. Therefore, no team or a particular group in the company enjoys the right to exploit or control another. This helps the directors to not just mere agents of the shareholder in the corporate system and considers just the shareholders interest at the cost of the other stakeholders like employees, creditors, etc.[18] Instead, they play an significant role in balancing the conflicting interest between the shareholders and the non-shareholder groups and coming up with a solution that favours the success of the Company. Therefore, Section 172 of the Company Act, 2006 needs to be given a wider interpretation. The interpretation of the term interest in relation to the Company should be looked at broadly to include a collective welfare of all the members who are included in the operations of the company instead limiti ng its scope just ton mean profit maximization for shareholders.[19] The incorporation of this system will only increase the flexibility of the directors decision making the director act more efficiently and with adequate professional help. Therefore, giving the directors the required discretion to judge supporting whose interest in the company will benefit the company is a very revolutionary way to develop and amend the corporate governance in a country. Many countries like Hong-Kong after the implementation of enlightened shareholder value in The United Kingdom went ahead to enforce the same in their country as the principle inevitably contains more advantages than harms. Giving the directors of a company flexibility in decision making process on behalf of the company keeping in mind long-term profit goals depending on the business type, structure and the economic conditions present at each situation is the best possible method to promote success and re-built the definition of corporate governance in the modern era where technology and innovations a re at its peak.[20]. Reference List Adams, R.B., Licht, A.N. and Sagiv, L., 2011. Shareholders and stakeholders: How do directors decide?.Strategic Management Journal,32(12), pp.1331-1355. Chapman, R.J., 2011.Simple tools and techniques for enterprise risk management. John Wiley Sons. Chohan, A., 2012. Is Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 Capable of Delivering for All Stakeholders?.Available at SSRN 2139528. Collison, D., Cross, S., Ferguson, J., Power, D. and Stevenson, L., 2014. Financialization and company law: A study of the UK Company Law Review.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(1), pp.5-16. Council, F.R., 2010. The UK corporate governance code.London: Financial Reporting Council. De Lacy, J. ed., 2013.Reform of UK Company Law. Routledge. Ho, J., 2010. Is section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 the guidance for CSR.Company Lawyer,31(7), pp.207-213. Ho, J.K.S., 2010. Director's Duty to Promote the Success of the Company: Should Hong Kong Implement a Similar Provision?.Journal of Corporate Law Studies,10(1), pp.17-33. Hopt, K.J., 2011. Comparative corporate governance: The state of the art and international regulation.The American journal of comparative law, pp.1-73. Keay, A.R., 2010. The duty to promote the success of the company: is it fit for purpose?.University of Leeds School of Law, Centre for Business Law and Practice Working Paper. Kershaw, D., 2012.Company law in context: Text and materials. Oxford University Press. Macve, R. and Chen, X., 2010. The equator principles: a success for voluntary codes?.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,23(7), pp.890-919. Mordi, C., Opeyemi, I.S., Tonbara, M. and Ojo, I.S., 2012. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Legal Regulation in Nigeria.Economic InsightsTrends and Challenges,64(1), pp.1-8. Okoye, N., 2012. The BIS review and section 172 of the Companies Act 2006: what manner of clarity is needed?.The Company Lawyer,33(1), pp.15-16. Sealy, L. and Worthington, S., 2013.Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Segarajasingham, S., 2012. Who is Responsible for the Downfall of Companies: A Critical Study of Sri Lankan Law. InAnnual Research Symposium. Slapper, G. and Kelly, D., 2013.The English Legal System: 2012-2013. Routledge. Tate, R.C., 2012. Section 172 CA 2006: The Ticket to Stakeholder Value of Simply Tokenism.Aberdeen Student L. Rev.,3, p.112. Villiers, C., 2010. Directors' Duties and the Companys Internal Structures Under the UK Companies Act 2006: Obstacles for Sustainable Development.International and Comparative Corporate Law Journal, Forthcoming. Wolf, K.D., Flohr, A., Rieth, L. and Schwindenhammer, S., 2010.The role of business in global governance: Corporations as norm-entrepreneurs. Palgrave Macmillan [1] Council, F.R., 2010. The UK corporate governance code.London: Financial Reporting Council. [2] Ho, J., 2010. Is section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 the guidance for CSR.Company Lawyer,31(7), pp.207-213. [3] Kershaw, D., 2012.Company law in context: Text and materials. Oxford University Press. [4] Chohan, A., 2012. Is Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 Capable of Delivering for All Stakeholders?.Available at SSRN 2139528. [5] Tate, R.C., 2012. Section 172 CA 2006: The Ticket to Stakeholder Value of Simply Tokenism.Aberdeen Student L. Rev.,3, p.112. [6] Slapper, G. and Kelly, D., 2013.The English Legal System: 2012-2013. Routledge. [7] Okoye, N., 2012. The BIS review and section 172 of the Companies Act 2006: what manner of clarity is needed?.The Company Lawyer,33(1), pp.15-16. [8] Sealy, L. and Worthington, S., 2013.Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. [9] Segarajasingham, S., 2012. Who is Responsible for the Downfall of Companies: A Critical Study of Sri Lankan Law. InAnnual Research Symposium. [10] Mordi, C., Opeyemi, I.S., Tonbara, M. and Ojo, I.S., 2012. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Legal Regulation in Nigeria.Economic InsightsTrends and Challenges,64(1), pp.1-8. [11] De Lacy, J. ed., 2013.Reform of UK Company Law. Routledge. [12] Villiers, C., 2010. Directors' Duties and the Companys Internal Structures Under the UK Companies Act 2006: Obstacles for Sustainable Development.International and Comparative Corporate Law Journal, Forthcoming. [13] Macve, R. and Chen, X., 2010. The equator principles: a success for voluntary codes?.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,23(7), pp.890-919. [14] Keay, A.R., 2010. The duty to promote the success of the company: is it fit for purpose?.University of Leeds School of Law, Centre for Business Law and Practice Working Paper. [15] Hopt, K.J., 2011. Comparative corporate governance: The state of the art and international regulation.The American journal of comparative law, pp.1-73. [16] Collison, D., Cross, S., Ferguson, J., Power, D. and Stevenson, L., 2014. Financialization and company law: A study of the UK Company Law Review.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(1), pp.5-16. [17] Ho, J.K.S., 2010. Director's Duty to Promote the Success of the Company: Should Hong Kong Implement a Similar Provision?.Journal of Corporate Law Studies,10(1), pp.17-33. [18] Adams, R.B., Licht, A.N. and Sagiv, L., 2011. Shareholders and stakeholders: How do directors decide?.Strategic Management Journal,32(12), pp.1331-1355. [19] Wolf, K.D., Flohr, A., Rieth, L. and Schwindenhammer, S., 2010.The role of business in global governance: Corporations as norm-entrepreneurs. Palgrave Macmillan. [20] Chapman, R.J., 2011.Simple tools and techniques for enterprise risk management. John Wiley Sons